The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 129
They were near the mountains now, and the valley was wide, with low, sloping hills on either side.
Who acts: thongs, valley · What happens: be, slope · To what, where: mountains, hills, side
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thongs, valley), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 mountains | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 mountains | cop |
| 3 | near | near | ADP | _ | 5 mountains | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 mountains | det |
| 5 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 mountains | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 wide | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 wide | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 valley | det |
| 10 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 wide | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 wide | cop |
| 12 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 mountains | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 low | punct |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 low | case |
| 15 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 wide | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sloping | punct |
| 17 | sloping | slope | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 wide | conj |
| 18 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 sloping | obj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 side | case |
| 20 | either | either | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 side | det |
| 21 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sloping | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 mountains | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | thongs = thong | the mountains | now | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | the valley | wide property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | the valley not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | slope | gerund | the valley not said here | hills | either side | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent hill=Theme on side=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/129/