The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 150
The implements used were a ring six inches in diameter, made of buffalo rawhide, and two elaborate and highly ornamented slender sticks, one for each player.
Who acts: implements · What happens: use, be, make, ornament · To what, where: six inches, ring, slender sticks
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (implements), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 implements | det |
| 2 | implements | implement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 used | nsubj |
| 3 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 ring | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 ring | det |
| 6 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 used | obj |
| 7 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 inches | nummod |
| 8 | inches | inch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 used | obl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 diameter | case |
| 10 | diameter | diameter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 inches | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 made | punct |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 inches | acl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 rawhide | case |
| 14 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 rawhide | compound |
| 15 | rawhide | rawhide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 elaborate | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 elaborate | cc |
| 18 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 elaborate | nummod |
| 19 | elaborate | elaborate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 used | parataxis |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 ornamented | cc |
| 21 | highly | highly | ADV | _ | 22 ornamented | advmod |
| 22 | ornamented | ornament | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 elaborate | conj |
| 23 | slender | slender | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 sticks | amod |
| 24 | sticks | stick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 ornamented | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 one | punct |
| 26 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 sticks | appos |
| 27 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 player | case |
| 28 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 player | det |
| 29 | player | player | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 one | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past | the implements | six inches in diameter | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | a ring | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | make | participle | six inches in diameter not said here | of buffalo rawhide | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 4 | ornament | participle | the implements not said here | slender sticks | highly property | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent stick=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/18/150/