The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, A Bluejay Story, sentence 127
So before he got to the village he turned and flew out to sea, following the smell of the smoke.
Who acts: boy, smoke · What happens: get, turn, fly out, follow, smell · To what, where: village, smell
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, A Bluejay Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 got | advmod |
| 2 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 4 got | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 got | nsubj |
| 4 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 village | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 village | det |
| 7 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 got | obl |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 turned | nsubj |
| 9 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 village | acl:relcl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 flew | cc |
| 11 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 got | conj |
| 12 | out | out | ADP | _ | 11 flew | compound:prt |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 sea | case |
| 14 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 flew | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 following | punct |
| 16 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 flew | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 smell | det |
| 18 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 following | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 smoke | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 smoke | det |
| 21 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 smell | nmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 got | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | past | boy | to the village result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to village=Result | ||||
| 2 | turn | past | boy | the village not said here | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent village=Theme | ||||
| 3 | fly out | past | boy not said here | to sea result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to sea=Result | ||||
| 4 | follow | gerund | boy not said here | the smell of the smoke | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Theme | ||||
| 5 | smell | the smoke | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/4/127/