The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 121
He went backward and forward, looking at the sticks, and stooping down and putting his hands on his knees and squinting, and at last, when once his face was close to the ground, he suddenly snatched up the ring in his mouth, and started, running as hard as he could, for the place where he had left the Badger.
Who acts: Coyote, face · What happens: go, look, stoop down, put, be, snatch up · To what, where: hands, knees, ring, last, Badger
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Coyote, face), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | backward | backward | ADV | _ | 2 went | advmod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 forward | cc |
| 5 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 3 backward | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 looking | punct |
| 7 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 went | advcl |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 sticks | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 sticks | det |
| 10 | sticks | stick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 looking | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 stooping | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 stooping | cc |
| 13 | stooping | stoop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 looking | conj |
| 14 | down | down | ADV | _ | 13 stooping | advmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 putting | cc |
| 16 | putting | put | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 stooping | conj |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 hands | nmod:poss |
| 18 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 putting | obj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 knees | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 knees | nmod:poss |
| 21 | knees | knee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 putting | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 squinting | cc |
| 23 | squinting | squinting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 knees | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 snatched | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 snatched | cc |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 last | case |
| 27 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 snatched | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 last | punct |
| 29 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 34 close | mark |
| 30 | once | once | SCONJ | _ | 34 close | mark |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 face | nmod:poss |
| 32 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 close | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 close | cop |
| 34 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 last | advcl |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 ground | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 ground | det |
| 37 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 close | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 last | punct |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 snatched | nsubj |
| 40 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 41 snatched | advmod |
| 41 | snatched | snatch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 42 | up | up | ADP | _ | 41 snatched | compound:prt |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 ring | det |
| 44 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 snatched | obj |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 mouth | case |
| 46 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 47 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 snatched | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 started | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 started | cc |
| 50 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | conj |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 running | punct |
| 52 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 50 started | advcl |
| 53 | as | as | ADV | _ | 54 hard | advmod |
| 54 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 52 running | advmod |
| 55 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 57 could | mark |
| 56 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 could | nsubj |
| 57 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 54 hard | advcl |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 place | punct |
| 59 | for | for | ADP | _ | 61 place | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 place | det |
| 61 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 running | obl |
| 62 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 65 left | advmod |
| 63 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 65 left | nsubj |
| 64 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 65 left | aux |
| 65 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 61 place | acl:relcl |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 Badger | det |
| 67 | Badger | Badger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 65 left | obj |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Coyote | backward property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | look | gerund | Coyote not said here | at the sticks | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at stick=Theme | ||||
| 3 | stoop down | gerund | Coyote not said here | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | put | gerund | Coyote not said here | Coyote's hands | Coyote's knees and squinting | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on knee=Destination | |||
| 5 | is | past | Coyote's face | to the ground; close property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | snatch up | past | Coyote | the ring | last | in Coyote's mouth; suddenly property | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Theme | ||
| 7 | start | past | Coyote not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | run | gerund | Coyote not said here | for the place; hard property | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for place=Beneficiary | ||||
| 9 | leave | past · perfect | Coyote | the Badger | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent badger=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/121/