The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 122
As soon as he had started, all the Bulls on the hill saw what he was doing—that he was taking the ring away from them—and they started after him.
Who acts: Coyote, Bulls · What happens: start, see, do, take · To what, where: ring · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Coyote, Bulls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADV | _ | 2 soon | advmod |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 saw | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 6 started | mark |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 started | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 started | aux |
| 6 | started | start | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 soon | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 soon | punct |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 Bulls | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Bulls | det |
| 10 | Bulls | bull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 saw | nsubj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 hill | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hill | det |
| 13 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Bulls | nmod |
| 14 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 18 doing | obj |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 doing | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 doing | aux |
| 18 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 saw | ccomp |
| 19 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 taking | punct |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 taking | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 taking | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 taking | aux |
| 23 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 doing | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 ring | det |
| 25 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 taking | obj |
| 26 | away | away | ADV | _ | 23 taking | advmod |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 them | case |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 away | obl |
| 29 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 started | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 started | cc |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 started | nsubj |
| 32 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 saw | conj |
| 33 | after | after | ADP | _ | 34 him | case |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 started | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past · perfect | Coyote | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | see | past | all Bulls on the hill | soon property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | do | past · progressive | Coyote | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | take | past · progressive | Coyote | the ring | away property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Theme | |||
| 5 | start | past | Bulls = bull | after Coyote | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/122/