The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 159
Ever since their sister had been lost, the brothers had been making arrows, and now they had piles of them stacked up about the lodge.
Who acts: brothers, piles · What happens: lose, make, have, stack up · To what, where: sister, arrows
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brothers, piles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 7 lost | advmod |
| 2 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 7 lost | mark |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 sister | nmod:poss |
| 4 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 lost | aux |
| 6 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 lost | aux:pass |
| 7 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 making | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 brothers | det |
| 10 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 making | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 making | aux |
| 12 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 making | aux |
| 13 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 lost | advcl |
| 14 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 making | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 had | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 had | cc |
| 17 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 had | advmod |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 had | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 making | conj |
| 20 | piles | pile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 stacked | nsubj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 piles | nmod |
| 23 | stacked | stack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 had | ccomp |
| 24 | up | up | ADP | _ | 23 stacked | compound:prt |
| 25 | about | about | ADP | _ | 27 lodge | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 lodge | det |
| 27 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 stacked | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lost | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | past · perfect · passive | brothers's sister | ever | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | make | past · perfect · progressive | the brothers | arrows | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Product | ||||
| 3 | have | past | brothers = brother | now | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | stack up | past | piles of brothers | about the lodge | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent about lodge=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/159/