The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], sentence 57
He said he had thought that the girl must be swung high, so that the Buffalo could see her from a long way off.
Who acts: Buffalo · What happens: say, think, swing, see · To what, where: girl, long way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buffalo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 thought | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 thought | aux |
| 5 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 said | ccomp |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 swung | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 girl | det |
| 8 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 swung | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 swung | aux |
| 10 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 11 swung | aux:pass |
| 11 | swung | swing | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 thought | ccomp |
| 12 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 swung | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 see | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 see | advmod |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 see | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Buffalo | det |
| 17 | Buffalo | Buffalo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 see | nsubj |
| 18 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 see | aux |
| 19 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 said | conj |
| 20 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 see | obj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 way | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 way | det |
| 23 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 way | amod |
| 24 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 see | obl |
| 25 | off | off | ADV | _ | 19 see | advmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Buffalo | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | think speech: other | past · perfect | Buffalo | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | swing | must · passive | the girl | high property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: subject=Result | ||||
| 4 | see | could | the Buffalo | girl | a long way | off property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/57/