The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Corn, sentence 22
A great buffalo bull stands in this gateway and blocks it up.
Who acts: great buffalo bull · What happens: stand, block up · To what, where: gateway
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great buffalo bull), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 bull | det |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 bull | amod |
| 3 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bull | compound |
| 4 | bull | bull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stands | nsubj |
| 5 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 gateway | case |
| 7 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 gateway | det |
| 8 | gateway | gateway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stands | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 blocks | cc |
| 10 | blocks | block | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 stands | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 blocks | obj |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 blocks | compound:prt |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 stands | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | present | a great buffalo bull | this gateway | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in gateway=Location | ||||
| 2 | block up | present | a great buffalo bull not said here | gateway | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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