The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 56
He counted them over, giving to each a magic number—two tips of white swan feathers, a bottle of milk from a young red heifer, a grain of barley grown in a land beyond the sea, and the fleece of a lambkin not one day old.
Who acts: Smith · What happens: count over, give, grow · To what, where: ends, magic number, barley, land
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 counted | nsubj |
| 2 | counted | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 counted | obj |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 2 counted | compound:prt |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 giving | punct |
| 6 | giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 counted | advcl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 number | case |
| 8 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 number | det |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 number | det |
| 10 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 number | compound |
| 11 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 giving | obl |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 tips | punct |
| 13 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 tips | nummod |
| 14 | tips | tip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 number | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 feathers | case |
| 16 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 feathers | amod |
| 17 | swan | swan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 feathers | compound |
| 18 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 tips | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 bottle | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 bottle | det |
| 21 | bottle | bottle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 tips | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 milk | case |
| 23 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bottle | nmod |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 heifer | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 heifer | det |
| 26 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 heifer | amod |
| 27 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 heifer | amod |
| 28 | heifer | heifer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bottle | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 grain | punct |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 grain | det |
| 31 | grain | grain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 tips | conj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 barley | case |
| 33 | barley | barley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 grain | nmod |
| 34 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 barley | acl |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 land | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 land | det |
| 37 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 grown | obl |
| 38 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 40 sea | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 sea | det |
| 40 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 land | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 old | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 old | cc |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 fleece | det |
| 44 | fleece | fleece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 old | nsubj |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 lambkin | case |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 lambkin | det |
| 47 | lambkin | lambkin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 fleece | nmod |
| 48 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 51 old | advmod |
| 49 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 50 day | nummod |
| 50 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 old | obl:unmarked |
| 51 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 counted | parataxis |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 counted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | count over | past | Smith | ends = end | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 2 | give | gerund | Smith not said here | each magic number two tips of white swan feathers and a bottle of milk from a young red heifer and a grain of barley | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to number=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | grow | participle | barley not said here | a land beyond the sea | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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