The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Homesick Hero, sentence 113
The sun rose above the eastern hills, and then his eyes were rejoiced with the sight of the weather-stained roofs of Wainola, and curling clouds of smoke rising from the hearths of many well-known dwellings.
Who acts: sun, smoke · What happens: rise, rejoice, stain, curl, know, sight · To what, where: eastern hills, eyes, clouds, hearths, stained roofs, smoke
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Homesick Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sun | det |
| 2 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rose | nsubj |
| 3 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | above | above | ADP | _ | 7 hills | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hills | det |
| 6 | eastern | eastern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hills | amod |
| 7 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 rose | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 rejoiced | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 rejoiced | cc |
| 10 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 14 rejoiced | advmod |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 12 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 rejoiced | nsubj |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 rejoiced | aux:pass |
| 14 | rejoiced | rejoice | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 rose | conj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 sight | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 sight | det |
| 17 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 rejoiced | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 roofs | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 roofs | det |
| 20 | weather | weather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 stained | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 weather | punct |
| 22 | stained | stain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 roofs | amod |
| 23 | roofs | roof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 sight | nmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 Wainola | case |
| 25 | Wainola | Wainola | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 roofs | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 curling | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 curling | cc |
| 28 | curling | curl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 rejoiced | advcl |
| 29 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 curling | obj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 smoke | case |
| 31 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 clouds | nmod |
| 32 | rising | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 smoke | acl |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 35 hearths | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 hearths | det |
| 35 | hearths | hearth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 rising | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 dwellings | case |
| 37 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 dwellings | amod |
| 38 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 40 known | advmod |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 well | punct |
| 40 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 dwellings | amod |
| 41 | dwellings | dwelling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 hearths | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | past | the sun | the eastern hills | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above hill=Location | ||||
| 2 | rejoice | past · passive | Ilmarinen's eyes | then | with the sight of the stained roofs of Wainola | tree rules | |||
| 3 | stain | participle | weather compound | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | curl | gerund | clouds of smoke | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloud=Patient | |||||
| 5 | rise | gerund | smoke not said here | the hearths of many known dwellings | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from hearth=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | know | participle | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | sight | the stained roofs of Wainola | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 8 | cloud | smoke | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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