The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 156

He leaped to his feet, he clapped his hands, he shouted his oft-repeated maxim: “None but cowards say, ‘I dare not!’”

Who acts: Tuoni, None · What happens: leap, clap, shout, repeat, say, not dare · To what, where: feet, hands, repeated maxim · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tuoni, None), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 leaped	nsubj
2	leaped	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 feet	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 feet	nmod:poss
5	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 leaped	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 clapped	punct
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 clapped	nsubj
8	clapped	clap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 leaped	conj
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 hands	nmod:poss
10	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 clapped	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 shouted	punct
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 shouted	nsubj
13	shouted	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 leaped	parataxis
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 maxim	nmod:poss
15	oft	oft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 repeated	compound
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 oft	punct
17	repeated	repeat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 maxim	amod
18	maxim	maxim	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 shouted	obj
19	:	:	PUNCT	_	24 say	punct
20	“	"	PUNCT	_	21 None	punct
21	None	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	24 say	nsubj
22	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 cowards	cc
23	cowards	coward	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 None	conj
24	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 shouted	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 dare	punct
26	‘	'	PUNCT	_	28 dare	punct
27	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	28 dare	nsubj
28	dare	dare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 say	ccomp
29	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	28 dare	advmod
30	!	!	PUNCT	_	28 dare	punct
31	’	'	PUNCT	_	28 dare	punct
32	”	"	PUNCT	_	2 leaped	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	leap	past	Tuoni		Tuoni's feet	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination
2	clap	past	Tuoni	Tuoni's hands		vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hand=Theme
3	shout speech: express	past	Tuoni	Tuoni's repeated maxim		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maxim=Topic
4	repeat	participle				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
5	say speech: assert in a quote	present	None cowards			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	not dare in a quote	present	Tuoni			vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/156/

🌲 The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 156

The tree

Pragmatics

The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 156