The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 32

“None but women say ‘I cannot’; none but cowards say ‘I dare not,’” he repeated to himself again and again as though he would bolster up his courage.

Who acts: None, maiden · What happens: say, not ', not dare, repeat, bolster up · To what, where: maiden, courage · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (None, maiden), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	5 say	punct
2	None	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	5 say	nsubj
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	4 women	cc
4	women	woman	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 None	conj
5	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	‘	'	PUNCT	_	10 ’	punct
7	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 ’	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 ’	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 ’	advmod
10	’	'	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 say	ccomp
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 say	punct
12	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	15 say	nsubj
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 cowards	cc
14	cowards	coward	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 none	conj
15	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 say	parataxis
16	‘	'	PUNCT	_	18 dare	punct
17	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 dare	nsubj
18	dare	dare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 say	ccomp
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 dare	advmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 dare	punct
21	’	'	PUNCT	_	18 dare	punct
22	”	"	PUNCT	_	15 say	punct
23	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 repeated	nsubj
24	repeated	repeat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 say	parataxis
25	to	to	ADP	_	26 himself	case
26	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	24 repeated	obl
27	again	again	ADV	_	24 repeated	advmod
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 again	cc
29	again	again	ADV	_	27 again	conj
30	as	as	ADV	_	34 bolster	advmod
31	though	though	SCONJ	_	34 bolster	mark
32	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 bolster	nsubj
33	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 bolster	aux
34	bolster	bolster	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 repeated	advcl
35	up	up	ADP	_	34 bolster	compound:prt
36	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 courage	nmod:poss
37	courage	courage	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 bolster	obj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 say	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	None women				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not ' in a quote	can	None women = none				tree rules
3	say speech: assert in a quote	present	none cowards				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	not dare in a quote	present	None women = none				vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	repeat	past	maiden		maiden	again; again	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6	bolster up	would	maiden	maiden's courage			vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot courage=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/32/

🌲 The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 32

The tree

Pragmatics

The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 32