The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 40
By magic spells the beams were to be hewn and properly placed, the keel was to be laid, the hull was to be made stanch and shapely.
Who acts: beams · What happens: spell, be, place, lay, make · To what, where: keel, hull
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beams), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 2 magic | case |
| 2 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spells | obl |
| 3 | spells | spell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 beams | det |
| 5 | beams | beam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 hewn | nsubj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 hewn | cop |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 hewn | mark |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 hewn | cop |
| 9 | hewn | hewn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 spells | ccomp |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 placed | cc |
| 11 | properly | properly | ADV | _ | 12 placed | advmod |
| 12 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 hewn | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 laid | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 keel | det |
| 15 | keel | keel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 laid | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 laid | aux:pass |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 laid | mark |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 laid | aux:pass |
| 19 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 spells | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 made | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 hull | det |
| 22 | hull | hull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 made | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 made | aux:pass |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 made | mark |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 made | aux:pass |
| 26 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 spells | conj |
| 27 | stanch | stanch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 made | xcomp |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 shapely | cc |
| 29 | shapely | shapely | ADV | _ | 26 made | advmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spells | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spell | present | by magic | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | past | the beams | hewn property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | place | participle | the beams not said here | properly property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | lay | past · passive | the keel | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | |||||
| 5 | make | past · passive | the hull | stanch xcomp; shapely property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/40/