The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 41
No hammer was to be used in the work of building, but every nail and spike must be driven in the right place by a magic word that was known only to the prince of wizards, the first of all minstrels.
Who acts: building · What happens: use, drive, know, work · To what, where: hammer, work, nail, right place, magic word
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (building), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 hammer | det |
| 2 | hammer | hammer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 used | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 used | aux |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 used | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 used | aux:pass |
| 6 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 work | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 work | det |
| 9 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 used | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 building | case |
| 11 | building | building | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 work | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 driven | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 driven | cc |
| 14 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 nail | det |
| 15 | nail | nail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 spike | cc |
| 17 | spike | spike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 nail | conj |
| 18 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 driven | aux |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 driven | aux:pass |
| 20 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 used | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 place | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 place | det |
| 23 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 place | amod |
| 24 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 driven | obl |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 word | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 word | det |
| 27 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 word | compound |
| 28 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 place | nmod |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 known | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 known | aux:pass |
| 31 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 word | acl:relcl |
| 32 | only | only | ADV | _ | 35 prince | advmod |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 prince | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 prince | det |
| 35 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 known | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 wizards | case |
| 37 | wizards | wizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 prince | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 first | punct |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 first | det |
| 40 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 24 place | amod |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 minstrels | case |
| 42 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 43 minstrels | det |
| 43 | minstrels | minstrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 first | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past · passive | no hammer | the work of building | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | drive | must · passive | every nail and spike | the right place by a magic word | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in place=Destination | ||||
| 3 | know | past · passive | a magic word | to the prince of wizards | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | work | building | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/41/