The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 83
“Three times this summer a crow has sat on one of my branches, croaking misfortune and foretelling disaster.”
What happens: sit, croak, foretell · To what, where: Three times, misfortune, disaster
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 sat | punct |
| 2 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 times | nummod |
| 3 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 sat | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 summer | det |
| 5 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 times | nmod:unmarked |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 crow | det |
| 7 | crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sat | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 sat | aux |
| 9 | sat | sit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 one | case |
| 11 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 sat | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 branches | case |
| 13 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 branches | nmod:poss |
| 14 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 one | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 croaking | punct |
| 16 | croaking | croak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 sat | advcl |
| 17 | misfortune | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 croaking | obj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 foretelling | cc |
| 19 | foretelling | foretell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 croaking | conj |
| 20 | disaster | disaster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 foretelling | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 sat | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 sat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit in a quote | present · perfect · passive | Three times this summer | on one of my branches; a crow nsubj:pass | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: subject=Theme on one=Location | ||||
| 2 | croak in a quote | gerund | misfortune | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent misfortune=Theme | |||||
| 3 | foretell in a quote | gerund | disaster | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disaster=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/13/83/