The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unfinished Boat, sentence 84
“Then fare you well, my evergreen friend,” said the dwarf, kindly; “I will look elsewhere for my boat timber;” and again he shouldered his axe and resumed his walk through the forest.
Who acts: I, crow · What happens: fare, say, look, shoulder, resume, walk · To what, where: you, axe, walk, forest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unfinished Boat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, crow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 fare | punct |
| 2 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 fare | advmod |
| 3 | fare | fare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 fare | obj |
| 5 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 fare | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 friend | punct |
| 7 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 friend | nmod:poss |
| 8 | evergreen | evergreen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 friend | amod |
| 9 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fare | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 fare | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 fare | punct |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 dwarf | det |
| 14 | dwarf | dwarf | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 said | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 kindly | punct |
| 16 | kindly | kindly | ADV | _ | 14 dwarf | advmod |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 look | punct |
| 18 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 look | punct |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 look | nsubj |
| 20 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 look | aux |
| 21 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | conj |
| 22 | elsewhere | elsewhere | ADV | _ | 21 look | advmod |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 timber | case |
| 24 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 timber | nmod:poss |
| 25 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 timber | compound |
| 26 | timber | timber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 look | obl |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 28 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 shouldered | cc |
| 30 | again | again | ADV | _ | 32 shouldered | advmod |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 shouldered | nsubj |
| 32 | shouldered | shoulder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | conj |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 axe | nmod:poss |
| 34 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 shouldered | obj |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 resumed | cc |
| 36 | resumed | resume | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 shouldered | conj |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 walk | nmod:poss |
| 38 | walk | walk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 resumed | obj |
| 39 | through | through | ADP | _ | 41 forest | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 forest | det |
| 41 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 resumed | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fare in a quote | infinitive | you | then | my evergreen friend conj; well property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | look in a quote | future | I | for my boat timber; elsewhere property | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for timber=Theme | ||||
| 4 | shoulder | past | crow | crow's axe | again | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent axe=Theme | |||
| 5 | resume | past | crow not said here | crow's walk | the forest | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent walk=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | walk | crow | nom walk «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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