The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Land of Tuonela, sentence 117
The broad, flat-bottomed vessel grated against the shore where the Minstrel was standing; he saw that it was roomy and large, and he stepped quickly aboard, not looking behind him.
Who acts: Minstrel, broad bottomed vessel, vessel · What happens: bottom, grate, stand, see, be, step · To what, where: broad bottomed vessel, roomy
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Land of Tuonela. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel, broad bottomed vessel, vessel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 vessel | det |
| 2 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 vessel | amod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 broad | punct |
| 4 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 bottomed | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 flat | punct |
| 6 | bottomed | bottom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 vessel | amod |
| 7 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | grated | grate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 vessel | acl |
| 9 | against | against | ADP | _ | 11 shore | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 shore | det |
| 11 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 grated | obl |
| 12 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 standing | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Minstrel | det |
| 14 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 standing | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 standing | aux |
| 16 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 shore | acl:relcl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 saw | punct |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 saw | nsubj |
| 19 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 roomy | mark |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 roomy | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 roomy | cop |
| 23 | roomy | roomy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 saw | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 large | cc |
| 25 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 roomy | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 stepped | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 stepped | cc |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 stepped | nsubj |
| 29 | stepped | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 saw | conj |
| 30 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 29 stepped | advmod |
| 31 | aboard | aboard | ADV | _ | 29 stepped | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 looking | punct |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 looking | advmod |
| 34 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 stepped | advcl |
| 35 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 36 him | case |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 looking | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bottom | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | grate | participle | the broad bottomed vessel not said here | against the shore | vn appeal-31.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | stand | past · progressive | the Minstrel | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | see | past | the broad bottomed vessel | Minstrel nsubj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | is a | past | vessel | roomy | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | be | vessel not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | step | past | Minstrel | aboard, quickly property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | not look | gerund | Minstrel not said here | behind Minstrel | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent behind he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/14/117/