The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Land of Tuonela, sentence 94
Three smooth holes still needed boring, three strong bolts still needed driving, three broad planks still needed fastening—and I lacked the three mystic words with which to do these things.
Who acts: Three smooth holes, three strong bolts, three broad planks, I · What happens: need, drive, fasten, lack, do · To what, where: three mystic words, things
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Land of Tuonela. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three smooth holes, three strong bolts, three broad planks, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 holes | nummod |
| 2 | smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 holes | amod |
| 3 | holes | hole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 needed | nsubj |
| 4 | still | still | ADV | _ | 5 needed | advmod |
| 5 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | boring | boring | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 needed | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 needed | punct |
| 8 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 bolts | nummod |
| 9 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 bolts | amod |
| 10 | bolts | bolt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 needed | nsubj |
| 11 | still | still | ADV | _ | 12 needed | advmod |
| 12 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 needed | conj |
| 13 | driving | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 needed | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 planks | punct |
| 15 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 planks | nummod |
| 16 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 planks | amod |
| 17 | planks | plank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 needed | nsubj |
| 18 | still | still | ADV | _ | 19 needed | advmod |
| 19 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 driving | parataxis |
| 20 | fastening | fasten | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 needed | xcomp |
| 21 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 lacked | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 lacked | cc |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 lacked | nsubj |
| 24 | lacked | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 fastening | parataxis |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 words | det |
| 26 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 words | nummod |
| 27 | mystic | mystic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 words | amod |
| 28 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 lacked | obj |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 which | case |
| 30 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 do | obl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 do | mark |
| 32 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 words | acl:relcl |
| 33 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 34 things | det |
| 34 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 do | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 needed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | need | past | Three smooth holes | still | boring property | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot | |||
| 2 | need | past | three strong bolts | still | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | drive not said to happen | gerund | three strong bolts not said here | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | need | past | three broad planks | still | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | fasten not said to happen | gerund | three broad planks not said here | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | lack | past | I | the three mystic words | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | do | to-infinitive | I not said here | this things | with the three mystic words | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/14/94/