The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Hag of the Rock, sentence 27
Higher up, on the same ledge of rocks, an old wizard was sitting—a grisly, misshapen creature who, in times long past, had been a counsellor of kings.
Who acts: old wizard, grisly misshapen creature · What happens: sit, past, be · To what, where: grisly misshapen creature, counsellor
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hag of the Rock. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old wizard, grisly misshapen creature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 2 | up | up | ADV | _ | 1 Higher | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 ledge | punct |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 ledge | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ledge | det |
| 6 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 ledge | amod |
| 7 | ledge | ledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Higher | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 rocks | case |
| 9 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 ledge | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 sitting | punct |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 wizard | det |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 wizard | amod |
| 13 | wizard | wizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 sitting | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 sitting | aux |
| 15 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 rocks | acl |
| 16 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 creature | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 creature | det |
| 18 | grisly | grisly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 creature | amod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 grisly | punct |
| 20 | misshapen | misshapen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 creature | amod |
| 21 | creature | creature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 sitting | obl |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 past | nsubj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 times | punct |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 times | case |
| 25 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 long | obl:unmarked |
| 26 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 past | amod |
| 27 | past | past | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 creature | parataxis |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 counsellor | punct |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 counsellor | aux |
| 30 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 counsellor | cop |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 counsellor | det |
| 32 | counsellor | counsellor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 creature | conj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 kings | case |
| 34 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 counsellor | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Higher | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | past · progressive | a old wizard | a grisly misshapen creature and a counsellor | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rock=Theme | ||||
| 2 | past | a grisly misshapen creature and a counsellor | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | is a | past · perfect | a old wizard not said here | a counsellor | of kings | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/15/27/