The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Hero’s Return, sentence 39
“My friends,” then answered the Minstrel, “I have been to the land of Tuonela.
Who acts: friends · What happens: answer, be · To what, where: Minstrel · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Hero’s Return. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 answered | punct |
| 2 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 friends | nmod:poss |
| 3 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 answered | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 friends | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 friends | punct |
| 6 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 answered | advmod |
| 7 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Minstrel | det |
| 9 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 answered | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 land | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 land | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 land | nsubj |
| 13 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 land | aux |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 land | cop |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 land | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 land | det |
| 17 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Minstrel | appos |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Tuonela | case |
| 19 | Tuonela | Tuonela | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 land | nmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | My friends | the Minstrel | then | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent minstrel=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | is in a quote | present · perfect | My friends = friend | to the land; of Tuonela | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/16/39/