The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Unexpected Journey, sentence 1
In his smoky smithy Ilmarinen was toiling alone, fashioning crude bits of metal into forms most delicate and beautiful.
Who acts: Ilmarinen · What happens: toil, fashion · To what, where: smoky smithy, crude bits, forms
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Unexpected Journey. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilmarinen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 smithy | case |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 smithy | nmod:poss |
| 3 | smoky | smoky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 smithy | amod |
| 4 | smithy | smithy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 toiling | obl |
| 5 | Ilmarinen | Ilmarinen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 toiling | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 toiling | aux |
| 7 | toiling | toil | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 7 toiling | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 fashioning | punct |
| 10 | fashioning | fashion | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 toiling | conj |
| 11 | crude | crude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 bits | amod |
| 12 | bits | bit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fashioning | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 metal | case |
| 14 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 bits | nmod |
| 15 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 forms | case |
| 16 | forms | form | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fashioning | obl |
| 17 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 18 delicate | advmod |
| 18 | delicate | delicate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 forms | amod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 beautiful | cc |
| 20 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 delicate | conj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 toiling | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | toil | past · progressive | Ilmarinen | his smoky smithy | alone property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in smithy=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | fashion | gerund | Ilmarinen not said here | crude bits of metal | forms | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent bit=Material into form=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/20/1/