The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Field of Serpents, sentence 105
Then fearlessly he drove his steed of fire through the dreadful field, and skilfully he guided his golden plough, touching neither beam nor handles.
Who acts: Jumala · What happens: drive, guide, touch · To what, where: steed, dreadful field, golden plough, beam
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Field of Serpents. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jumala), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 drove | advmod |
| 2 | fearlessly | fearlessly | ADV | _ | 4 drove | advmod |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 drove | nsubj |
| 4 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 steed | nmod:poss |
| 6 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drove | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 fire | case |
| 8 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 steed | nmod |
| 9 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 field | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 field | det |
| 11 | dreadful | dreadful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 field | amod |
| 12 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drove | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 guided | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 guided | cc |
| 15 | skilfully | skilfully | ADV | _ | 17 guided | advmod |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 guided | nsubj |
| 17 | guided | guide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 drove | conj |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 plough | nmod:poss |
| 19 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 plough | amod |
| 20 | plough | plough | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 guided | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 touching | punct |
| 22 | touching | touch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 guided | advcl |
| 23 | neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 24 beam | det |
| 24 | beam | beam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 touching | obj |
| 25 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 26 handles | cc |
| 26 | handles | handle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 beam | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 drove | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | past | Jumala | Jumala's steed of fire | the dreadful field | then | fearlessly property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent steed=Theme through field=Trajectory | |
| 2 | guide | past | Jumala | Jumala's golden plough | skilfully property | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plough=Theme | |||
| 3 | touch | gerund | Jumala not said here | neither beam nor handles | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme beam=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/24/105/