The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Field of Serpents, sentence 106
On this side and on that the earth was heaped up, nor did rocks or roots stand in the way of the cleaving ploughshare.
Who acts: rocks · What happens: heap up, do, stand, cleave · To what, where: earth, side, way
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Field of Serpents. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rocks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 side | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 side | det |
| 3 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heaped | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 heaped | cc |
| 5 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 10 heaped | mark |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 heaped | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 earth | det |
| 8 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heaped | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heaped | aux:pass |
| 10 | heaped | heap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 heaped | compound:prt |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 did | punct |
| 13 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 14 did | cc |
| 14 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heaped | advcl |
| 15 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 stand | nsubj |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 roots | cc |
| 17 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 rocks | conj |
| 18 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 did | ccomp |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 way | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 way | det |
| 21 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 stand | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 ploughshare | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 ploughshare | det |
| 24 | cleaving | cleave | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 ploughshare | amod |
| 25 | ploughshare | ploughshare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 way | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 heaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | heap up | past · passive | the earth | this side | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on side=Destination | ||||
| 2 | do | past | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | stand | present | rocks or roots | the way of the cleaving ploughshare | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location | ||||
| 4 | cleave | gerund | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/24/106/