The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wedding Feast, sentence 46
Far out on the sea she heard the sound of oars splashing, she heard the rippling of the waves as they were cut by the prows of many vessels, she heard the voices of a multitude approaching.
Who acts: Dame, oars, prows, voices · What happens: hear, splash, cut, approach, ripple · To what, where: sound, sea, rippling, waves, voices · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wedding Feast. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dame, oars, prows, voices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 out | advmod |
| 2 | out | out | ADV | _ | 7 heard | advmod |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 sea | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sea | det |
| 5 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heard | obl |
| 6 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 heard | nsubj |
| 7 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sound | det |
| 9 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heard | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 oars | case |
| 11 | oars | oar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 sound | nmod |
| 12 | splashing | splash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 oars | acl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 heard | punct |
| 14 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 heard | nsubj |
| 15 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 heard | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rippling | det |
| 17 | rippling | rippling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 heard | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 waves | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 waves | det |
| 20 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 rippling | nmod |
| 21 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 cut | mark |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 cut | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 cut | aux:pass |
| 24 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 heard | ccomp |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 prows | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 prows | det |
| 27 | prows | prow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 cut | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 vessels | case |
| 29 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 vessels | amod |
| 30 | vessels | vessel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 prows | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 heard | punct |
| 32 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 heard | nsubj |
| 33 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 heard | conj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 voices | det |
| 35 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 heard | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 multitude | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 multitude | det |
| 38 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 voices | nmod |
| 39 | approaching | approach | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 heard | xcomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Dame | the sound of oars | the sea | out property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | splash | gerund | oars not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | hear | past | Dame | the rippling of the waves | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cut | past · passive | the prows of many vessels | waves = wave | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product | ||||
| 5 | hear | past | Dame | the voices of a multitude | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | approach | gerund | the voices of a multitude not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | ripple | the waves | nom rippling «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/27/46/