The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Slave Boy, sentence 130
Out of the shady places wolves leaped up, howling, snarling, snapping their teeth.
Who acts: wolves · What happens: leap up, howl, snarl, snap · To what, where: shady places, teeth
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Slave Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wolves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Out | out | ADP | _ | 5 places | case |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 places | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 places | det |
| 4 | shady | shady | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 places | amod |
| 5 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 leaped | obl |
| 6 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 leaped | nsubj |
| 7 | leaped | leap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 leaped | compound:prt |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 howling | punct |
| 10 | howling | howl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 leaped | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 snarling | punct |
| 12 | snarling | snarl | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 howling | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 snapping | punct |
| 14 | snapping | snap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 howling | conj |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 16 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 snapping | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 leaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap up | participle | wolves | the shady places | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out place=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | howl | gerund | wolves not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | snarl | gerund | wolves not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | snap | gerund | wolves not said here | wolves's teeth | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tooth=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/29/130/