The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Golden Maiden, sentence 32
Wainola!” sang the ancient Minstrel as he wielded the long rudder and deftly turned the vessel before the wind.
Who acts: Wainola · What happens: sing, wield, turn · To what, where: ancient Minstrel, long rudder, vessel
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Golden Maiden. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wainola), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wainola | Wainola | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 sang | nsubj |
| 2 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Wainola | punct |
| 3 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 Wainola | punct |
| 4 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Minstrel | det |
| 6 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 Minstrel | amod |
| 7 | Minstrel | minstrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sang | obj |
| 8 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 wielded | mark |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 wielded | nsubj |
| 10 | wielded | wield | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sang | advcl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 rudder | det |
| 12 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 rudder | amod |
| 13 | rudder | rudder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 wielded | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 turned | cc |
| 15 | deftly | deftly | ADV | _ | 16 turned | advmod |
| 16 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 wielded | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 vessel | det |
| 18 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 turned | obj |
| 19 | before | before | ADP | _ | 21 wind | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 wind | det |
| 21 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 turned | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express in a quote | past | Wainola | the ancient Minstrel | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location minstrel=Theme | ||||
| 2 | wield in a quote | past | Wainola | the long rudder | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rudder=Theme | ||||
| 3 | turn in a quote | past | Wainola not said here | the vessel | before the wind | deftly property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent vessel=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/31/32/