The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Kantele, sentence 2
On the benches the rowers sat, wielding their oars with strength and deftness and singing and shouting for gladness.
Who acts: rowers · What happens: sit, wield, sing, shout · To what, where: benches, oars
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Kantele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 benches | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 benches | det |
| 3 | benches | bench | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 sat | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 rowers | det |
| 5 | rowers | rower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 sat | nsubj |
| 6 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 wielding | punct |
| 8 | wielding | wield | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 sat | advcl |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 oars | nmod:poss |
| 10 | oars | oar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 wielding | obj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 strength | case |
| 12 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 wielding | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 deftness | cc |
| 14 | deftness | deftness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 strength | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 singing | cc |
| 16 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 wielding | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 shouting | cc |
| 18 | shouting | shout | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 singing | conj |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 gladness | case |
| 20 | gladness | gladness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 shouting | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 sat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | past | the rowers | the benches | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bench=Location | ||||
| 2 | wield | gerund | the rowers not said here | rowers's oars | with strength and deftness | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oar=Theme | |||
| 3 | sing speech: express | gerund | the rowers not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | shout speech: express | gerund | the rowers not said here | for gladness | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for gladness=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/34/2/