The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Flight, sentence 156
The color returned to their cheeks; their eyes, so long tear-wet, now sparkled with joy; with songs of gladness they woke the echoes of the sea, and cheered the laboring oarsmen.
Who acts: color, tears, gladness · What happens: return, sparkle, wake, cheer, labor, sing · To what, where: eyes, echoes, laboring oarsmen
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (color, tears, gladness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 color | det |
| 2 | color | color | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 returned | nsubj |
| 3 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 cheeks | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 cheeks | nmod:poss |
| 6 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 returned | obl |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 eyes | punct |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 9 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 returned | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 wet | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 wet | advmod |
| 12 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 tear | amod |
| 13 | tear | tear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wet | nsubj |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 tear | punct |
| 15 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 returned | parataxis |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sparkled | punct |
| 17 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 sparkled | advmod |
| 18 | sparkled | sparkle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 wet | conj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 joy | case |
| 20 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sparkled | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 songs | punct |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 songs | case |
| 23 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 returned | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 gladness | case |
| 25 | gladness | gladness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 songs | nmod |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 woke | nsubj |
| 27 | woke | wake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 gladness | acl:relcl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 echoes | det |
| 29 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 woke | obj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 sea | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 sea | det |
| 32 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 echoes | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 cheered | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 cheered | cc |
| 35 | cheered | cheer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 returned | conj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 oarsmen | det |
| 37 | laboring | labor | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 oarsmen | amod |
| 38 | oarsmen | oarsman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 cheered | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | past | the color | colors's eyes | to colors's cheeks result; with songs of gladness | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to cheek=Result | |||
| 2 | sparkle | participle | the color not said here | now | with joy | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with joy=Theme | |||
| 3 | wake | past | tears = tear | the echoes of the sea | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent echo=Patient | ||||
| 4 | cheer | past | the color not said here | the laboring oarsmen | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus oarsman=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | labor | gerund | vn work-73.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | sing | gladness | nom song «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/36/156/