The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Flight, sentence 157
“It is well to rejoice and be merry,” said the steadfast Minstrel, “but we are still upon the uncertain sea, we are still far away from our own safe home land.”
Who acts: gladness, steadfast Minstrel, we · What happens: be, say · To what, where: own safe home land · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Flight. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gladness, steadfast Minstrel, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 rejoice | punct |
| 2 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 rejoice | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 rejoice | cop |
| 4 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 rejoice | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 rejoice | mark |
| 6 | rejoice | rejoice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 merry | cc |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 merry | cop |
| 9 | merry | merry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 rejoice | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 rejoice | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 rejoice | punct |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Minstrel | det |
| 14 | steadfast | steadfast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 Minstrel | amod |
| 15 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 sea | punct |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 sea | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 sea | cc |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 sea | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 sea | cop |
| 21 | still | still | ADV | _ | 25 sea | advmod |
| 22 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 25 sea | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sea | det |
| 24 | uncertain | uncertain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 sea | amod |
| 25 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 Minstrel | appos |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 away | punct |
| 27 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 away | nsubj |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 away | cop |
| 29 | still | still | ADV | _ | 30 far | advmod |
| 30 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 31 away | advmod |
| 31 | away | away | ADV | _ | 12 said | advmod |
| 32 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 land | case |
| 33 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 land | nmod:poss |
| 34 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 land | amod |
| 35 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 land | amod |
| 36 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 land | compound |
| 37 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 away | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 39 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | gladness | rejoice, well property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | infinitive | gladness not said here | merry property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the steadfast Minstrel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | we | still | upon the uncertain sea | tree rules | |||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | we | our own safe home land | still | away, far property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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