The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Wicked Hornet, sentence 11
And the youngest said, “Let us send down iron—iron of which tools may be made, iron of which sharp weapons may be shaped.
Who acts: youngest, us · What happens: say, let, send down, make, shape · To what, where: us, iron, tools, sharp weapons · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Wicked Hornet. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youngest, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 youngest | det |
| 3 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Let | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 Let | punct |
| 7 | Let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 8 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 Let | obj |
| 9 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 Let | xcomp |
| 10 | down | down | ADP | _ | 9 send | compound:prt |
| 11 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 send | obj |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 iron | punct |
| 13 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 iron | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 which | case |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 made | obl |
| 16 | tools | tool | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 made | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 made | aux |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 made | aux:pass |
| 19 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 iron | acl:relcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 iron | punct |
| 21 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 iron | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 which | case |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 shaped | obl |
| 24 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 weapons | amod |
| 25 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 shaped | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 shaped | aux |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 shaped | aux:pass |
| 28 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 iron | acl:relcl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the youngest | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | let in a quote | infinitive | us | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | send down in a quote | infinitive | us not said here | iron and iron and iron | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iron=Theme | ||||
| 4 | make in a quote | may · passive | tools | of iron and iron | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 5 | shape in a quote | may · passive | sharp weapons | of iron | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/5/11/