The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 49
It might have grown till it touched the stars had not the Minstrel bidden it to cease expanding.
Who acts: twig · What happens: grow, touch, bid, cease, expand · To what, where: stars
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (twig), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 grown | nsubj |
| 2 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 grown | aux |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 grown | aux |
| 4 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 7 touched | mark |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 touched | nsubj |
| 7 | touched | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 grown | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 stars | det |
| 9 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 bidden | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 bidden | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 Minstrel | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Minstrel | det |
| 13 | Minstrel | Minstrel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 bidden | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | bidden | bid | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 touched | ccomp |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 bidden | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 cease | mark |
| 17 | cease | cease | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 bidden | advcl |
| 18 | expanding | expand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 cease | xcomp |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 grown | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | might · perfect | twig | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | touch | past | twig | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | bid | past · perfect · passive | the stars | the Minstrel obl:unmarked; twig obj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cease | to-infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 5 | expand | gerund | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/49/