The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, The Descent of the Sun., sentence 34
_Lux in tenebris_: a dazzling light, in the most profound darkness: the night of the sun: a heavenly body, doomed to put on mortality and suffer for a period in this lower world of darkness, birth and death: in some such ways as these we may express its central idea.
Who acts: heavenly body · What happens: doom, put, suffer, express · To what, where: mortality, lower world, central idea, Lux
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, The Descent of the Sun.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavenly body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Lux | punct |
| 2 | Lux | Lux | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 tenebris | case |
| 4 | tenebris | tenebris | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Lux | nmod |
| 5 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Lux | punct |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 light | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 light | det |
| 8 | dazzling | dazzling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 light | compound |
| 9 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Lux | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 darkness | punct |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 darkness | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 darkness | det |
| 13 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 14 profound | advmod |
| 14 | profound | profound | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 darkness | amod |
| 15 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 light | conj |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 night | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 night | det |
| 18 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 express | obl:unmarked |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 sun | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sun | det |
| 21 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 night | nmod |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 body | punct |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 body | det |
| 24 | heavenly | heavenly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 body | amod |
| 25 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 express | nsubj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 doomed | punct |
| 27 | doomed | doom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 body | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 put | mark |
| 29 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 doomed | xcomp |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 mortality | case |
| 31 | mortality | mortality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 put | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 suffer | cc |
| 33 | suffer | suffer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 put | conj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 period | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 period | det |
| 36 | period | period | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 suffer | obl |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 world | case |
| 38 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 40 world | det |
| 39 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 40 world | amod |
| 40 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 suffer | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 darkness | case |
| 42 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 world | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 birth | punct |
| 44 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 world | conj |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 death | cc |
| 46 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 world | conj |
| 47 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 51 ways | punct |
| 48 | in | in | ADP | _ | 51 ways | case |
| 49 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 51 ways | det |
| 50 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 ways | amod |
| 51 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 express | nsubj |
| 52 | as | as | ADP | _ | 53 these | case |
| 53 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 51 ways | nmod |
| 54 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 56 express | nsubj |
| 55 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 56 express | aux |
| 56 | express | express | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 darkness | acl:relcl |
| 57 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 59 idea | nmod:poss |
| 58 | central | central | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 idea | amod |
| 59 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 express | obj |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Lux | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | doom | participle | a heavenly body not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | put | to-infinitive | a heavenly body not said here | mortality | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on mortality=Destination | ||||
| 3 | suffer | infinitive | a heavenly body not said here | this lower world of darkness and birth and death | for a period | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 4 | express | may | a heavenly body | body's central idea | night | some such ways as these nsubj; we nsubj | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/1/34/