The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 8, sentence 61
Then a shout of laughter rang in his ears, mingled with the voices of criers and the din of drums; and he started to his feet awake, with an icy sweat on his brow.
Who acts: shout, Umra, drums · What happens: ring, mingle, start, shout, din · To what, where: ears, laughter
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shout, Umra, drums), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 rang | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 shout | det |
| 3 | shout | shout | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rang | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 laughter | case |
| 5 | laughter | laughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shout | nmod |
| 6 | rang | ring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 ears | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 ears | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 rang | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 mingled | punct |
| 11 | mingled | mingle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 ears | acl |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 voices | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 voices | det |
| 14 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 mingled | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 criers | case |
| 16 | criers | crier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 voices | nmod |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 din | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 din | det |
| 19 | din | din | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 criers | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 drums | case |
| 21 | drums | drum | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 din | nmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 started | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 started | cc |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 started | nsubj |
| 25 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 rang | conj |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 feet | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 feet | nmod:poss |
| 28 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 started | obl |
| 29 | awake | awake | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 started | xcomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 sweat | punct |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 sweat | case |
| 32 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 sweat | det |
| 33 | icy | icy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 sweat | amod |
| 34 | sweat | sweat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 started | parataxis |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 brow | case |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 brow | nmod:poss |
| 37 | brow | brow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 sweat | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 rang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ring | past | a shout of laughter | Umra's ears | then | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in ear=Location | |||
| 2 | mingle | participle | Umra's ears not said here | with the voices of criers and the din of drums | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with voice=Co-Patient | ||||
| 3 | start | past | Umra | to Umra's feet; a icy sweat on Umra's brow parataxis; awake property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | shout | laughter | nom shout «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 5 | din | drums | nom din «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/10/61/