The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, An Evil Eye., sentence 7
And there he remained, living at first upon leaves, and then upon smoke, and finally upon air, performing penances of appalling severity, till after a hundred years[4] that Lord of Creatures was moved to compassion.
Who acts: fire, air, penances · What happens: remain, live, perform, appal, move, compassion · To what, where: smoke, penances, severity, Lord
This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, An Evil Eye.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, air, penances), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 remained | cc |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 4 remained | expl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 remained | nsubj |
| 4 | remained | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 living | punct |
| 6 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 remained | advcl |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 first | case |
| 8 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 living | obl |
| 9 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 10 leaves | case |
| 10 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 living | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 smoke | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 smoke | cc |
| 13 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 15 smoke | advmod |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 smoke | case |
| 15 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 remained | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 performing | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 performing | cc |
| 18 | finally | finally | ADV | _ | 20 air | advmod |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 20 air | case |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 performing | nsubj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 performing | punct |
| 22 | performing | perform | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 remained | advcl |
| 23 | penances | penance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 performing | obj |
| 24 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 25 appalling | mark |
| 25 | appalling | appal | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 penances | acl |
| 26 | severity | severity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 appalling | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 years | punct |
| 28 | till | till | ADP | _ | 32 years | case |
| 29 | after | after | ADP | _ | 32 years | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 years | det |
| 31 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 years | nummod |
| 32 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 performing | obl |
| 33 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 34 4 | punct |
| 34 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 32 years | appos |
| 35 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 34 4 | punct |
| 36 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 37 Lord | det |
| 37 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 moved | nsubj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 Creatures | case |
| 39 | Creatures | Creatures | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Lord | nmod |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 moved | aux:pass |
| 41 | moved | move | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 performing | advcl |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 compassion | mark |
| 43 | compassion | compassion | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 moved | xcomp |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 remained | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remain | past | fire | smoke; there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon smoke=Location | ||||
| 2 | live | gerund | fire not said here | upon leaves | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at first=Location | ||||
| 3 | perform | gerund | air | penances | year | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penance=Theme | |||
| 4 | appal | gerund | penances not said here | severity | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | move | past · passive | that Lord of Creatures | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | compassion | to-infinitive | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/2/7/