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The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 2, sentence 30

So taking down his sword from the wall, and holding it in his hand, he went out of his wretched lodging, saying to himself: Death is better than dishonour and insignificance, hunger and the loathing of life: for what is death but the beginning of another life, which cannot be worse than this one, be it what it may?

Who acts: Umra, Death · What happens: take down, hold, go out, say, be, not be · To what, where: sword, wall, hand, wretched lodging, Umra, life · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra, Death), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodadvclcompound:prtnmod:possobjcasedetoblpunctccconjobjcasenmod:possoblpunctnsubjcasecasenmod:possamodoblpunctadvclcaseoblpunctnsubjcopparataxiscaseoblccconjpunctconjccdetconjcasenmodpunctcasensubjcopoblccdetconjcasedetnmodpunctnsubjauxadvmodcopacl:relclcasedetoblpunctcopobloblnsubjacl:relclpunctrootSoADVtakingVERBdownADPhisPRONswordNOUNfromADPtheDETwallNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJholdingVERBitPRONinADPhisPRONhandNOUN,PUNCThePRONwentVERBoutADPofADPhisPRONwretchedADJlodgingNOUN,PUNCTsayingVERBtoADPhimselfPRON:PUNCTDeathPROPNisAUXbetterADJthanADPdishonourNOUNandCCONJinsignificanceNOUN,PUNCThungerNOUNandCCONJtheDETloathingNOUNofADPlifeNOUN:PUNCTforADPwhatPRONisAUXdeathNOUNbutCCONJtheDETbeginningNOUNofADPanotherDETlifeNOUN,PUNCTwhichPRONcanAUXnotPARTbeAUXworseADJthanADPthisDEToneNOUN,PUNCTbeAUXitPRONwhatPRONitPRONmayAUX?PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1SosoADV_2 takingadvmod
2takingtakeVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part18 wentadvcl
3downdownADP_2 takingcompound:prt
4hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs5 swordnmod:poss
5swordswordNOUNNumber=Sing2 takingobj
6fromfromADP_8 wallcase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 walldet
8wallwallNOUNNumber=Sing2 takingobl
9,,PUNCT_11 holdingpunct
10andandCCONJ_11 holdingcc
11holdingholdVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part2 takingconj
12ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs11 holdingobj
13ininADP_15 handcase
14hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs15 handnmod:poss
15handhandNOUNNumber=Sing11 holdingobl
16,,PUNCT_2 takingpunct
17hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs18 wentnsubj
18wentgoVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
19outoutADP_23 lodgingcase
20ofofADP_23 lodgingcase
21hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs23 lodgingnmod:poss
22wretchedwretchedADJDegree=Pos23 lodgingamod
23lodginglodgingNOUNNumber=Sing18 wentobl
24,,PUNCT_25 sayingpunct
25sayingsayVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part18 wentadvcl
26totoADP_27 himselfcase
27himselfhimselfPRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes25 sayingobl
28::PUNCT_31 betterpunct
29DeathDeathPROPNNumber=Sing31 betternsubj
30isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin31 bettercop
31bettergoodADJDegree=Cmp18 wentparataxis
32thanthanADP_33 dishonourcase
33dishonourdishonourNOUNNumber=Sing31 betterobl
34andandCCONJ_35 insignificancecc
35insignificanceinsignificanceNOUNNumber=Sing33 dishonourconj
36,,PUNCT_37 hungerpunct
37hungerhungerNOUNNumber=Sing33 dishonourconj
38andandCCONJ_40 loathingcc
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art40 loathingdet
40loathingloathingNOUNNumber=Sing33 dishonourconj
41ofofADP_42 lifecase
42lifelifeNOUNNumber=Sing40 loathingnmod
43::PUNCT_47 deathpunct
44forforADP_47 deathcase
45whatwhatPRONPronType=Int47 deathnsubj
46isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin47 deathcop
47deathdeathNOUNNumber=Sing31 betterobl
48butbutCCONJ_50 beginningcc
49thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art50 beginningdet
50beginningbeginningNOUNNumber=Sing47 deathconj
51ofofADP_53 lifecase
52anotheranotherDETPronType=Ind53 lifedet
53lifelifeNOUNNumber=Sing50 beginningnmod
54,,PUNCT_59 worsepunct
55whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel59 worsensubj
56cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin59 worseaux
57notnotPARTPolarity=Neg59 worseadvmod
58bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf59 worsecop
59worsebadADJDegree=Cmp47 deathacl:relcl
60thanthanADP_62 onecase
61thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem62 onedet
62oneoneNOUNNumber=Sing59 worseobl
63,,PUNCT_65 itpunct
64bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf65 itcop
65ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs18 wentobl
66whatwhatPRONPronType=Rel18 wentobl
67ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs68 maynsubj
68maymayAUXVerbForm=Fin66 whatacl:relcl
69??PUNCT_18 wentpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1take downgerundUmra not said hereUmra's swordthe wallvn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme
2holdgerundUmra not said hereswordUmra's handvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in hand=Location
3go outpastUmraUmra's wretched lodgingwhat obltree rules
4say speech: assertgerundUmra not said hereUmravn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient
5ispresentDeaththan dishonour and insignificance and hunger and the loathing of life; good propertytree rules
6ispresentthe beginning of another lifefor death but the beginning of another life; what nsubjtree rules
7not iscandeath but the beginning of another lifethan this one; bad propertytree rules
8is ainfinitivehandtree rules
9loathelifenom loathing «feeling transitive»: of=patient
10beginanother lifenom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg68641/4/30/