Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 4, sentence 145
“See, I appeal to Shiva to protect me;” and he put out his hand to the large pebble of black stone, Shiva’s symbol, which had been brought to the shrine from the great sacred river of the West Country.
Who acts: you, boy, Shiva · What happens: see, appeal, protect, put out, bring · To what, where: Shiva, boy, hand, symbol, great sacred river · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, boy, Shiva), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 See | punct |
| 2 | See | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 appeal | punct |
| 4 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 appeal | nsubj |
| 5 | appeal | appeal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 See | ccomp |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 Shiva | case |
| 7 | Shiva | Shiva | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 appeal | obl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 protect | mark |
| 9 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 appeal | advcl |
| 10 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 protect | obj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 See | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 See | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 put | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 put | nsubj |
| 15 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 See | conj |
| 16 | out | out | ADP | _ | 15 put | compound:prt |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 hand | nmod:poss |
| 18 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 put | obj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 pebble | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 pebble | det |
| 21 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 pebble | amod |
| 22 | pebble | pebble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 put | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 stone | case |
| 24 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 stone | amod |
| 25 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 pebble | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 symbol | punct |
| 27 | Shiva | Shiva | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 symbol | nmod:poss |
| 28 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 27 Shiva | case |
| 29 | symbol | symbol | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 pebble | appos |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 brought | punct |
| 31 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 brought | aux |
| 33 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 brought | aux:pass |
| 34 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 symbol | acl:relcl |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 shrine | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 shrine | det |
| 37 | shrine | shrine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 brought | obl |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 42 river | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 river | det |
| 40 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 river | amod |
| 41 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 river | amod |
| 42 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 brought | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 Country | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Country | det |
| 45 | West | West | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Country | compound |
| 46 | Country | Country | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 river | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 See | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see in a quote | imperative | you not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | appeal in a quote | present | the boy = boy | Shiva | vn appeal-31.4-2 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to shiva=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | protect in a quote | to-infinitive | the boy = boy not said here | the boy = boy | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | put out | past | Shiva | Shiva's hand | to the large pebble of black stone | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal | |||
| 5 | bring | past · perfect · passive | Shiva's symbol | the great sacred river of the West Country | to the shrine | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme to shrine=Destination from river=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg69647/4/145/