Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xiv.--the Fate of Agbor the Hunter, Who Killed His Wife and Children., sentence 41
Then, every morning when he went out, he would hit the skull with his chewing-stick which he cleaned his teeth with, and say, “Ah, you killed my daughter, but I conquered you.”
Who acts: Agbor, you · What happens: go out, hit, clean, say, kill, conquer · To what, where: skull, chewing stick, daughter, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xiv.--the Fate of Agbor the Hunter, Who Killed His Wife and Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Agbor, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 went | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Then | punct |
| 3 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 morning | det |
| 4 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 went | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 went | advmod |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 went | nsubj |
| 7 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | out | out | ADP | _ | 7 went | compound:prt |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hit | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 hit | nsubj |
| 11 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 hit | aux |
| 12 | hit | hit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 went | parataxis |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 skull | det |
| 14 | skull | skull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hit | obj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 stick | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 stick | nmod:poss |
| 17 | chewing | chewing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stick | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 chewing | punct |
| 19 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hit | obl |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 cleaned | obj |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 cleaned | nsubj |
| 22 | cleaned | clean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 stick | acl:relcl |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 24 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 cleaned | obj |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 cleaned | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 say | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 say | cc |
| 28 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 hit | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 killed | punct |
| 30 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 killed | punct |
| 31 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 34 killed | discourse |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Ah | punct |
| 33 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 34 killed | nsubj |
| 34 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 say | ccomp |
| 35 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 36 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 killed | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 conquered | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 conquered | cc |
| 39 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 conquered | nsubj |
| 40 | conquered | conquer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 went | parataxis |
| 41 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 40 conquered | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | Agbor | then; morning | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hit | would | Agbor | the skull | with Agbor's chewing stick | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent skull=Patient with stick=Instrument | |||
| 3 | clean | past | Agbor | Agbor's chewing stick | Agbor's teeth obj | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent which=Beneficiary tooth=Patient | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | infinitive | Agbor not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | kill in a quote | past | you | my daughter | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme | ||||
| 6 | conquer in a quote | past | Agbor | you | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/11/41/