Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 18
For some time all went well with Oghabi, and he made a lot of money by selling his dried meat, but one day he went into the forest with two of his slaves and met with misfortune.
Who acts: OGHABI · What happens: go, make, sell, dry, meet · To what, where: lot, dried meat, forest
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (OGHABI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 went | advmod |
| 5 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 went | advmod |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 Oghabi | case |
| 8 | Oghabi | Oghabi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 made | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 made | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 made | nsubj |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 lot | det |
| 14 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 money | case |
| 16 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lot | nmod |
| 17 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 18 selling | mark |
| 18 | selling | sell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 made | advcl |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 meat | nmod:poss |
| 20 | dried | dry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 meat | amod |
| 21 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 selling | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 went | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 went | cc |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 day | nummod |
| 25 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | obl:unmarked |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 went | nsubj |
| 27 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | conj |
| 28 | into | into | ADP | _ | 30 forest | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 forest | det |
| 30 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | obl |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 two | case |
| 32 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 went | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 slaves | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 slaves | nmod:poss |
| 35 | slaves | slave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 two | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 met | cc |
| 37 | met | meet | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 slaves | conj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 misfortune | case |
| 39 | misfortune | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 met | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | time | with Oghabi; well property | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with oghabi=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | make | past | OGHABI | a lot of money | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Product | ||||
| 3 | sell | gerund | OGHABI not said here | OGHABI's dried meat | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Theme | ||||
| 4 | dry | participle | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | go | past | OGHABI | the forest | day | with two of OGHABI's slaves | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into forest=Initial_Location | ||
| 6 | meet | participle | OGHABI not said here | with misfortune | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with misfortune=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/18/