Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 64
Having handed the glass back, it is filled and given to the chief’s small boy, who stands behind him, to drink.
Who acts: small boy · What happens: hand back, fill, give, stand, drink · To what, where: glass, tombo
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 handed | aux |
| 2 | handed | hand | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 glass | det |
| 4 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 handed | obj |
| 5 | back | back | ADV | _ | 2 handed | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 filled | punct |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 filled | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 filled | aux:pass |
| 9 | filled | fill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 handed | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 given | cc |
| 11 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 filled | conj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 boy | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 chief | det |
| 14 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 boy | nmod:poss |
| 15 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 14 chief | case |
| 16 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 boy | amod |
| 17 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 given | obl:agent |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 stands | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 stands | nsubj |
| 20 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 boy | acl:relcl |
| 21 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 22 him | case |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 stands | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 drink | punct |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 drink | mark |
| 25 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 stands | advcl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 handed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand back | gerund · perfect | the glass | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Theme | |||||
| 2 | fill | present · passive | tombo | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | give | participle | the chief's small boy obl:agent | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | stand | present | the chief's small boy | behind ammum | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent behind he=Location | ||||
| 5 | drink | to-infinitive | the chief's small boy not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/64/