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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a Crab Has No Head., sentence 21

The elephant at once guessed that it was the crab who had filled up his drinking pond, and being in a furious rage, he cut the crab’s head off and threw him into the pond.

Who acts: elephant, mud, crab · What happens: guess, be, fill up, cut off, throw · To what, where: crab, drinking pond, furious rage, head, elephant, pond · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a Crab Has No Head.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant, mud, crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detnsubjcaseoblmarknsubjcopdetccompnsubjauxacl:relclcompound:prtnmod:posscompoundobjpunctcccopcasedetamodconjpunctnsubjparataxisdetnmod:posscaseobjcompound:prtccconjobjcasedetoblpunctrootTheDETelephantNOUNatADPonceADVguessedVERBthatSCONJitPRONwasAUXtheDETcrabNOUNwhoPRONhadAUXfilledVERBupADPhisPRONdrinkingNOUNpondNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJbeingAUXinADPaDETfuriousADJrageNOUN,PUNCThePRONcutVERBtheDETcrabNOUN’sPARTheadNOUNoffADPandCCONJthrewVERBhimPRONintoADPtheDETpondNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 elephantdet
2elephantelephantNOUNNumber=Sing5 guessednsubj
3atatADP_4 oncecase
4onceonceADVNumForm=Word NumType=Mult5 guessedobl
5guessedguessVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
6thatthatSCONJ_10 crabmark
7ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs10 crabnsubj
8wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin10 crabcop
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 crabdet
10crabcrabNOUNNumber=Sing5 guessedccomp
11whowhoPRONPronType=Rel13 fillednsubj
12hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin13 filledaux
13filledfillVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part10 crabacl:relcl
14upupADP_13 filledcompound:prt
15hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs17 pondnmod:poss
16drinkingdrinkingNOUNNumber=Sing17 pondcompound
17pondpondNOUNNumber=Sing13 filledobj
18,,PUNCT_24 ragepunct
19andandCCONJ_24 ragecc
20beingbeAUXTense=Pres VerbForm=Part24 ragecop
21ininADP_24 ragecase
22aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art24 ragedet
23furiousfuriousADJDegree=Pos24 rageamod
24ragerageNOUNNumber=Sing5 guessedconj
25,,PUNCT_27 cutpunct
26hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs27 cutnsubj
27cutcutVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin5 guessedparataxis
28thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art29 crabdet
29crabcrabNOUNNumber=Sing31 headnmod:poss
30’s'sPART_29 crabcase
31headheadNOUNNumber=Sing27 cutobj
32offoffADP_27 cutcompound:prt
33andandCCONJ_34 threwcc
34threwthrowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin27 cutconj
35himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs34 threwobj
36intointoADP_38 pondcase
37thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 ponddet
38pondpondNOUNNumber=Sing34 threwobl
39..PUNCT_5 guessedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1guesspastthe elephantvn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent at once=Value
2is apastmudthe crabtree rules
3fill uppast · perfectthe crabelephant's drinking pondvn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pond=Patient
4isgerundthe elephant not said herea furious ragetree rules
5cut offpastelephantthe crab's headvn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector head=Eventuality
6throwpastelephant not said hereelephantinto the pond resultvn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer he=Theme into pond=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/13/21/