Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 116
Then the big drum took her up, and, having opened his big lips wide, he swallowed Inkang Ezen in the same way as he had swallowed her daughter.
Who acts: big drum, cripple · What happens: take up, have, open, swallow · To what, where: Inkang, big lips, same way, cripple
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big drum, cripple), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 took | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 drum | det |
| 3 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 drum | amod |
| 4 | drum | drum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | nsubj |
| 5 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 took | obj |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 5 took | compound:prt |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 opened | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 opened | cc |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 having | punct |
| 11 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 opened | reparandum |
| 12 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 took | conj |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 lips | nmod:poss |
| 14 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 lips | amod |
| 15 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 opened | obj |
| 16 | wide | wide | ADV | _ | 12 opened | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 swallowed | punct |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 swallowed | nsubj |
| 19 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 took | conj |
| 20 | Inkang | Inkang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 swallowed | obj |
| 21 | Ezen | Ezen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Inkang | flat |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 way | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 way | det |
| 24 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 way | amod |
| 25 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 swallowed | obl |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 29 swallowed | mark |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 swallowed | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 swallowed | aux |
| 29 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 swallowed | advcl |
| 30 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 31 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 swallowed | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take up | past | the big drum | Inkang | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument she=Destination | |||
| 2 | have | gerund | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | open | past | the big drum not said here | cripple's big lips | wide property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location lip=Theme | |||
| 4 | swallow | past | cripple | Inkang | the same way | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inkang=Patient | |||
| 5 | swallow | past · perfect · passive | cripple | Inkang's daughter obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/116/