Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 27
Shortly afterwards the seven bad men returned with the water, and after he had taken a drink he told the others what he had seen in the tree.
Who acts: seven bad men, man · What happens: return, take, tell, see · To what, where: drink, others, tree · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (seven bad men, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shortly | shortly | ADV | _ | 2 afterwards | advmod |
| 2 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 7 returned | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 men | det |
| 4 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 men | nummod |
| 5 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 men | amod |
| 6 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 returned | nsubj |
| 7 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 water | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 water | det |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 returned | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 told | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 told | cc |
| 13 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 16 taken | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 taken | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 taken | aux |
| 16 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 told | advcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 drink | det |
| 18 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 taken | obj |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 told | nsubj |
| 20 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 returned | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 others | det |
| 22 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 told | iobj |
| 23 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 26 seen | obj |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 seen | nsubj |
| 25 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 seen | aux |
| 26 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 told | ccomp |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 tree | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 tree | det |
| 29 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 seen | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | past | the seven bad men | with the water; afterwards property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | past · perfect | man | a drink | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Theme | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past | man | the others | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent other=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | see | past · perfect | man | the tree | what obj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/27/