Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 27
The goat then put his yam on the ground and pretended to go away as if he had forgotten all about the yam, but he did not go far, and watched to see what might happen.
Who acts: goat, play · What happens: put, pretend, go away, forget, not go, watch · To what, where: yam, ground · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goat, play), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 goat | det |
| 2 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 put | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 put | advmod |
| 4 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 yam | nmod:poss |
| 6 | yam | yam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 put | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 ground | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ground | det |
| 9 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 put | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 pretended | cc |
| 11 | pretended | pretend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 put | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 go | mark |
| 13 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 pretended | xcomp |
| 14 | away | away | ADV | _ | 13 go | advmod |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 forgotten | mark |
| 16 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 19 forgotten | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 forgotten | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 forgotten | aux |
| 19 | forgotten | forget | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 go | advcl |
| 20 | all | all | ADV | _ | 23 yam | advmod |
| 21 | about | about | ADP | _ | 23 yam | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 yam | det |
| 23 | yam | yam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 forgotten | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 go | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 go | cc |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 go | nsubj |
| 27 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 go | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 go | advmod |
| 29 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 put | conj |
| 30 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 29 go | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 watched | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 watched | cc |
| 33 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 put | conj |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 see | mark |
| 35 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 watched | xcomp |
| 36 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 38 happen | nsubj |
| 37 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 happen | aux |
| 38 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 see | ccomp |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 put | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | past | the goat | play's yam | the ground | then | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent yam=Theme on ground=Destination | ||
| 2 | pretend | past | the goat not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | go away | to-infinitive | the goat not said here | away property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | forget | past · perfect | play | about the yam | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not go | past · do-support | play | far property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | watch | past | the goat not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | see | to-infinitive | the goat not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | happen | might | what nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/27/