Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 28
Very soon the owner of the farm, thinking he would like to grow some of these big Inde yams, took the yam up and, having cut it, planted it in the ground.
Who acts: owner · What happens: think, like, grow, take up, have, cut · To what, where: some, yam, ground · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owner), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Very | very | ADV | _ | 2 soon | advmod |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 took | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 owner | det |
| 4 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 took | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 farm | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 farm | det |
| 7 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 owner | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 thinking | punct |
| 9 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 owner | conj |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 like | nsubj |
| 11 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 like | aux |
| 12 | like | like | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 thinking | ccomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 grow | mark |
| 14 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 like | xcomp |
| 15 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 grow | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 yams | case |
| 17 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 20 yams | det |
| 18 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 yams | amod |
| 19 | Inde | Inde | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 yams | compound |
| 20 | yams | yam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 some | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 owner | punct |
| 22 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 yam | det |
| 24 | yam | yam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 took | obj |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 took | compound:prt |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 having | cc |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 having | punct |
| 28 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 took | conj |
| 29 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 having | xcomp |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 cut | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 planted | punct |
| 32 | planted | plant | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 took | conj |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 planted | obj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 ground | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 ground | det |
| 36 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 planted | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | gerund | the owner of the farm not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | like | would | owner | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | grow not said to happen | to-infinitive | owner not said here | some of this big Inde yams | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location some=Theme | ||||
| 4 | take up | past | the owner of the farm | the yam | soon property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yam=Theme | |||
| 5 | have | gerund | the owner of the farm not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | cut | infinitive | the owner of the farm not said here | yam | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | ||||
| 7 | plant | past | the owner of the farm not said here | yam | the ground | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in ground=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/28/