Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 43
But the chief replied, “You said that it was the proper custom to bury dead bodies in sleeping-mats, so we took yours to bury the dead slave in.
Who acts: chief, You, we · What happens: reply, say, be, bury, take · To what, where: proper custom, dead bodies, sleeping mats, yours, dead slave · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, You, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 replied | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chief | det |
| 3 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 replied | nsubj |
| 4 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 7 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 said | nsubj |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | conj |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 custom | mark |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 custom | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 custom | cop |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 custom | det |
| 13 | proper | proper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 custom | amod |
| 14 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | ccomp |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 bury | mark |
| 16 | bury | bury | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 custom | acl |
| 17 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 bodies | amod |
| 18 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 bury | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 mats | case |
| 20 | sleeping | sleeping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 mats | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 sleeping | punct |
| 22 | mats | mat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 bodies | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 took | punct |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 26 took | advmod |
| 25 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 took | nsubj |
| 26 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 replied | conj |
| 27 | yours | your | PRON | Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 took | obj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 bury | mark |
| 29 | bury | bury | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 took | advcl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 slave | det |
| 31 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 slave | amod |
| 32 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 bury | obj |
| 33 | in | in | ADV | _ | 29 bury | advmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | the chief | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | You | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | past | chief | the proper custom | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bury in a quote | to-infinitive | You not said here | dead bodies | sleeping mats | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent body=Theme in mat=Destination | |||
| 5 | take in a quote | past | we | yours | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent your=Theme | ||||
| 6 | bury in a quote | to-infinitive | we not said here | the dead slave | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slave=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/43/