Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 22
The fish came round the hare and saluted him, saying, “Go on your way in peace.”
Who acts: fish · What happens: come, salute, say, go · To what, where: fish, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 fish | det |
| 2 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | round | round | ADP | _ | 6 hare | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hare | det |
| 6 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 came | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 saluted | cc |
| 8 | saluted | salute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | conj |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saluted | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 saying | punct |
| 11 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 came | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Go | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 Go | punct |
| 14 | Go | go | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 11 saying | ccomp |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 way | case |
| 16 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 way | nmod:poss |
| 17 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Go | obl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 peace | case |
| 19 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Go | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 Go | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 Go | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the fish | round the hare | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme round hare=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | salute | past | the fish not said here | fish | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | the fish not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | go in a quote | infinitive | your way | in peace | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on way=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/22/