Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 23
Just as he got near the land, however, he came across a large female alligator, who asked him where he came from and where he was going.
Who acts: fish, large female alligator · What happens: get, come, ask, go · To what, where: land, fish
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fish, large female alligator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Just | just | ADV | _ | 4 got | advmod |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 got | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 got | nsubj |
| 4 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | near | near | ADP | _ | 7 land | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 got | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 came | punct |
| 9 | however | however | ADV | _ | 12 came | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 however | punct |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 came | nsubj |
| 12 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 got | conj |
| 13 | across | across | ADP | _ | 17 alligator | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 alligator | det |
| 15 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 alligator | amod |
| 16 | female | female | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 alligator | amod |
| 17 | alligator | alligator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 came | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 asked | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 asked | nsubj |
| 20 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 alligator | acl:relcl |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 asked | iobj |
| 22 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 24 came | advmod |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 came | nsubj |
| 24 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 asked | advcl |
| 25 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 came | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 going | cc |
| 27 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 30 going | advmod |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 going | nsubj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 going | aux |
| 30 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 came | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 got | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | past | fish | the land | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | come | past | fish | across a large female alligator; however property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across alligator=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | past | a large female alligator | fish | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | come | past | fish | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | go | past · progressive | fish | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/23/