Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 27
Then the hare said, “I see you have many young alligators here, and I will paint them all for you, but you must not look at me while I am doing it.
Who acts: hare, you · What happens: say, see, have, paint, not look, do · To what, where: many young alligators, alligators, colouring · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 said | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hare | det |
| 3 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 see | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 see | punct |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 see | nsubj |
| 8 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | ccomp |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 have | nsubj |
| 10 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 see | ccomp |
| 11 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 alligators | amod |
| 12 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 alligators | amod |
| 13 | alligators | alligator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 have | obj |
| 14 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 have | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 paint | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 paint | cc |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 paint | nsubj |
| 18 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 paint | aux |
| 19 | paint | paint | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 see | parataxis |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 paint | obj |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 you | case |
| 23 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 paint | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 look | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 look | cc |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 29 look | nsubj |
| 27 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 look | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 look | advmod |
| 29 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 19 paint | conj |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 31 me | case |
| 31 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 look | obl |
| 32 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 35 doing | mark |
| 33 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 doing | nsubj |
| 34 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 doing | aux |
| 35 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 look | advcl |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 doing | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the hare | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | see in a quote | present | the hare = hare | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | you | many young alligators | here | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alligator=Patient | |||
| 4 | paint in a quote | future | the hare = hare | alligators = alligator | for you | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent they=Result for you=Beneficiary | |||
| 5 | not look in a quote | must | you | at the hare = hare | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at i=Theme | ||||
| 6 | do in a quote | present · progressive | the hare = hare | colouring | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/27/