Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 43
The hare then got into the canoe and pushed off, and the iguana commenced to paddle him over.
Who acts: hare, iguana · What happens: get, push off, commence, paddle over · To what, where: canoe, iguana
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, iguana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hare | det |
| 2 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 got | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 got | advmod |
| 4 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 canoe | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 canoe | det |
| 7 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 got | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 pushed | cc |
| 9 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 got | conj |
| 10 | off | off | ADP | _ | 9 pushed | compound:prt |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 commenced | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 commenced | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 iguana | det |
| 14 | iguana | iguana | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 commenced | nsubj |
| 15 | commenced | commence | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 got | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 paddle | mark |
| 17 | paddle | paddle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 commenced | xcomp |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 paddle | obj |
| 19 | over | over | ADP | _ | 17 paddle | compound:prt |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 got | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | past | the hare | the canoe | then | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into canoe=Destination | |||
| 2 | push off | participle | the hare not said here | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | commence | past | the iguana | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | paddle over | to-infinitive | the iguana not said here | iguana | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/43/