Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 45
When the alligator heard this he was wild with rage, and went up the bank and called to the iguana to bring the hare back; but as he was deaf, the iguana took no notice.
Who acts: alligator, iguana · What happens: hear, be, go up, call, bring back, take · To what, where: this, bank, iguana, hare, notice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (alligator, iguana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 heard | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 alligator | det |
| 3 | alligator | alligator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 heard | obj |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 wild | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 wild | cop |
| 8 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 heard | ccomp |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 rage | case |
| 10 | rage | rage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 went | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 went | cc |
| 13 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | parataxis |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 13 went | compound:prt |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bank | det |
| 16 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 went | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 called | cc |
| 18 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 went | conj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 iguana | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 iguana | det |
| 21 | iguana | iguana | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 called | obl |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 bring | mark |
| 23 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 iguana | acl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 hare | det |
| 25 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bring | obj |
| 26 | back | back | ADV | _ | 23 bring | advmod |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 took | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 36 took | cc |
| 29 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 32 deaf | mark |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 deaf | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 deaf | cop |
| 32 | deaf | deaf | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 took | advcl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 deaf | punct |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 iguana | det |
| 35 | iguana | iguana | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 took | nsubj |
| 36 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | conj |
| 37 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 38 notice | det |
| 38 | notice | notice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 took | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the alligator | this | with rage | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | is | past | iguana | wild property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go up | past | the bank | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | call | participle | the iguana | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to iguana=Recipient | |||||
| 5 | bring back | to-infinitive | the hare | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument hare=Destination | |||||
| 6 | is | past | iguana | deaf property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | take | past | the iguana | no notice | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent notice=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/45/